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ABCD: Pteridium aquilinum

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn bracken

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Site no Site Location Date Period
1014 Dundurn 76-7 Crieff/Lochearnhead, Tayside, Scotland 1989 7th C AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1014a PR.SE.MS DN426 dump organic 7thcAD,Pictish 320 680
1099 Iona 79 Iona, Strathclyde, Scotland 1981 ??Iron age/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1099a PC:PR.SE.ES:MS D1 ditch fill "peat" dark age/early Christian 475 800
1189 Tarraby Lane 76 Carlisle, Hadrians Wall, Cumbria, England 1978 Roman 2nd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1189a RO.RM.ER D837 C620 ditch fill nr Roman 100 150
1053 Townwall Roushill 58-9 Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England 1962 medieval ?c. 1275-18th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1053a PR.MD.HM 5A accumulation layer buff & pinkish clay medieval 1300 1400
1544 Ower Farm Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, England 1991 13th c
Sample Period
1544a PR.MD.HM
1938 High St & Blackfriargate 73-7 Kingston-upon-Hull, Humberside, England 1987 late 13th-mid 14th
Sample Period
1938a PR.MD.HM
1679 Vindolanda 72 Chesterholme, Northumberland, England 1976 Roman AD 85-125
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1679a RO.RM.ER - floor layers/occupation nr Roman pre-Hadrianic 85 125
1729 Shop St Drogheda 81 Drogheda, Co. Louth, Louth, Ireland, Eire 1984 early 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1729a PR.MD.EM:HM 21 & 19 occupation layers brown fiberous organ medieval 1200 1300
1296 Brough-on-Humber 58-61 Brough-on-Humber, Humberside, England 1969 Roman cAD70-cAD370
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1296a RO com ?layers nr Roman 70 370
1050 Monkwearmouth 64-70 Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England 1971 Saxon/Medieval
Sample Period
1050a PR.SE.AS
1446 Alms Lane 76 Norwich, Site 302N, Norfolk, England 1985 10th-13th cAD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1446c PR.MD.HM Phase 4 feature fills & occupatio mr medieval 1275 1400
1543 Ower Peninsular Wytch Farm Oilfield, Dorset, England 1991 Late Iron Age/ Romano-British
Sample Period
1543a PH:RO.IA:RB.LI:ER
1404 Dalton Parlours 76 Collingham, nr Wetherby, West Yorkshire, England 1990 Iron Age and Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1404a PH.RO.? K1 & K2 well fill nr Roman 350 400
1404c RO.MR M1 & M2 well fill black organic soil Roman 150 250
1404b RO.LR L well fill silt Roman 250 370
1638 Runnymede 78 nr Egham, Berkshire, England 1992 Mesolithic-Neolithic-late Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1638e PH.BA.LB L19 midden nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638h PH.BA.LB column WF1 channel deposits nr ??late Bronze Age? ? ?
1638b PH.BA.LB L24 channel sediment nr Late Bronze Age ? ?
1638c PH.BA.LB L20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1675 Althrey Hall nr Wrexham, Clwyd, Wales 1991 16th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1675a PR.PM.16 - daub clay matrix post-medieval 1500 1600
1732 Peel Castle 87 Peel, IOM, Isle of Man, Isle of Man 1990 early Iron Age
Sample Period
1732a PH.IA
1017 Watergate St 85 Chester, Cheshire, England 1988 Roman-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1017a PR.MD.HM F9 pit fill organic dark brown mid 13th 1225 1275
1306 St Aldates (33) Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1984 Late Saxon 10th - 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1306b PR.SE.AS L409 fire layer charcoal layer/dark 11th c 1000 1100
1144 Crosskirk 66-72 Caithness, Highland, Scotland 1984 Iron Age?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1144b PH:RO:PC:PR.RB Periods 2- com nr ? -200 200
1169 Warebeth Broch Stromness , Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1990 ?Iron Age
Sample Period
1169a PH.IA
1054 Saddler St 74 Durham City, Durham, England 1979 10th-early 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1054b PR.SE.AS 1576/1575/ pit fill & midden nr Saxo-Norman 593 1178
1054a PR.SE.AS 1726/1589/ middens/drain fill nr Saxo-Norman 771 1203
1363 Tudor Merchant's House Quay St, Tenby, Dyfed, Wales 1990 post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1363a PR.PM.16 1 pit fill mineralised organic post medieval 1500 1600
1636 Whitton , Glamorgan (W, M & S), Wales 1981 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1636a RO.RN W70 L13a & well fill nr Roman 300 350
1636b RO ? well fill nr ?Roman ? ?
1767 Portchester (Saxon) 70 Portchester, nr Portsmouth, Hampshire, England 1975 (Roman) 5th-11th c AD
Sample Period
1767b PR.SE
167 Bergh Apton nr Norwich, Norfolk, England 1978 Anglo-Saxon
Sample Period
0167a PR.SE
1009 Graveney Boat 70 Graveney, Kent, England 1978 10th C
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1009a PR.SE.AS R4-Gr92 wreck fill alluvial clay 10th C 900 1000
1035 Tiddington nr Thame, Oxfordshire, England 1988 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1035a RO.RN.ER 579 well fill clay & pebbles Roman 000 200
1035b RO.RN.MR 127 well fill clay & pebbles Roman 200 400
1134 St Paul St 77-8 Aberdeen, Farquar & Gill, Grampian, Scotland 1982 Mesolithic/c. 1200/post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1134a PR.MD.HM AS223 laye boundary ditch fill organic high medieval 1275 1350
1134b PR.MD.HM comb pit fills nr high medieval 1300 1350
1135 Queen St Midden Area 73 Aberdeen, Grampian, Scotland 1982 mesolithis/early 13th/post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1135a PR.MD.HM FN57/F7A/5 pit fill organic high medieval 1200 1400
1135b PR.MD.HM Area I L 3 midden/dump area nr high medieval 1200 1400
1229 Craigs 85 Dunley Co. Antrim, Antrim, N. Ireland 1988 late medieval
Sample Period
1229a PR.PM
1247 Pevensey 07-8 nr Eastbourne, Sussex (E & W), England 1908 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1247a RO.RM.LR com well fill nr Roman 200 400
1305 Dominican Priory Oxford 76-83 Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1985 ?medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1305a PR.MD.LM 102 & 202 drain & culvert fill dark organic silt prob 15th c 1400 1500
1048 Dublin 62-81 Fishamble/Wood Quay etc, Dublin, Ireland, Eire 1987 early medieval ?9th-?13/14?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1048a PR.SE.AS.? COMB various ? early medieval 0 0
1062 Doubstead 80 Scremerston, nr Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England 1982 ?Romano-British
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1062a RO.RB 5 ditch fill silty clay Romano-British 075 200
1527 Magistrates Court Norwich Norwich (Whitefriars St site), Norfolk, England 1988 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1527e PR.SE.AS Period 1 pit fills nr Saxo-Norman 1000 1150
1527c PR.MD.EM:HM Period 2 pit & gully fills nr medieval 1100 1300
1527b PR.SE.AS Period 1 ( pit fills nr Saxo-Norman 1000 1150
1527i PR.MD.EM:HM Period 2 pit & gully fills nr medieval 1100 1300
1527a PR.SE:MD.? 1119, 1122 gully fill nr Period 2 1100 1300
1527f PR.MD.EM:HM Period 2 pit & gully fills nr medieval 1100 1300
1527d PR.MD:PM.LM:16 Period 3 latrine fill nr medieval 1450 1550
1527g PR.MD:PM.LM:16 Period 3 latrine deposit nr medieval 1450 1550
1372 Taunton Priory 80 Taunton, Somerset, England 1984 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1372c PR.MD F69 ditch fill dark grey soil with medieval ? ?
1372a PR.MD.? F68 pit fill ashy & organic/peaty medieval ? ?
1412 Easton Lane nr Winchester, Hampshire, England 1989 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1412a PH.? Area A 492 pit fills nr middle Iron Age ? ?
1616 General Accident York 83-4 York, 24-30 Tanner Row, North Yorkshire, England 1990 roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1616f RO.MR Period 6 ( occupation layers/buildup - Roman 175 250
1616b RO.MR Period 2 ( buildup & ditch fill - Roman 125 175
1616g RO.LR Period 7 ( well fill - Roman 225 350
1616a ND Period 1 ( occupation layers - undated pre-Roman/Roman ? ?
1616c RO.MR Period 3 ( feature fills, buildups & - Roman 150 200
1616d RO.MR Period 4 ( organic accumulation/buil - Roman 150 200
1616j PR.MD.EM:HM Period 11 pit fills - early medieval 1100 1300
1616k PR.MD.EM:HM Period 12 pit or well fills - Medieval 1200 1300
1616e RO.MR Period 5 ( organic accumulation organic Roman 175 200
1638 Runnymede 78 nr Egham, E, London: British Museum. 1992 Mesolithic-Neolithic-late Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1638e PH.BA.LB L19 midden nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638h PH.BA.LB column WF1 channel deposits nr ??late Bronze Age? ? ?
1638b PH.BA.LB L24 channel sediment nr Late Bronze Age ? ?
1638c PH.BA.LB L20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1639 Bearsden nr Glasgow (Antonine Wall), Central, Scotland 19?? Roman mid 2nd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1639a RO.? column ditch fill silts Roman ? ?
1780 Rathbeg 67 , Antrim, N. Ireland 1969 early Christian ?6th - 13th/14thc AD
Sample Period
1780a PC:PR.SE:MD
1926 Eastgate Beverley 83-86 Beverley, Humberside, England 1992 Anglian-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1926a PR.SE:MD Phase 1 extensive layer sandy silt pre 8thc ? 750
1727 Crown Court 85-6 Newcastle Quayside, Tyne and Wear, England 1989 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1727a PR.MD com many ? medieval ? ?
87 Wookey Hole Somerset Mendips, Somerset, England 1911 late celtic + Romano-British
Sample Period
0087a PH.RO
1221 Little Waltham 70-1 nr Chelmsford, Essex, England 1978 Iron Age - medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1221b RO.RN F339 L10 well fill grey sludge/grey sil Roman 200 300
1277 The Hamel 75-6 Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1980 medieval early 13th-early 16th
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1277a PR.MD.EM 778 D3b ditch fill ? late 12th-early 13th 1150 1250
1286 Goss St 72 Chester, Goldsmiths House, Cheshire, England 1975 Roman/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1286a PR.MD.HM nr pit fill nr medeiavl 1275 1325
1307 St Aldates (65) Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1984 late Saxon - 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1307a PR.SE:MD.AS:EM L318/7 sediment silt 11thc 1000 1100
1310 Shaugh Moor 76 nr Shaugh Prior, SW Dartmoor, Devon, England 1979 cal: 3723 +- 67 BP
Sample Period
1310a PH
1043 Fore St Taunton 79 Taunton, Somerset, England 1990 Roman/post-Medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1043a PR.PM.16 P41/P22/P5 pit fill richly organic post-medieval 1500 1600
1619 Skeldergate York 73-5 York, North Yorkshire, England 1978 Roman-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1619a RO.MR.LR (?13) well fill sands & silts pink b late Roman 100 400
1629 Farmoor 74-6 Farmoor, Upper Thames, Oxfordshire, England 1979 Iron Age-Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1629a PH:RO.IA.RB.? (5) sump, gully & ditch fills - Iron Age ? ?
1763 Baker Lane 68-9 Kings Lynn 1219 KLY, Norfolk, England 1977 c. 1150-1500
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1763a PR.MD.EM Period 1 accumulation layers detritus medieval 1150 1250
1763b PR.MD.HM Period II accumulation layers detritus medieval 1250 1380
1038 Fishbourne 61-9 Chichester (Harbour), Sussex (E & W), England 1971 Roman/Flavian period AD50-100
Sample Period
1038a RO.RN.ER
1039 Fisherwick 74-5 nr Tamworth, Staffordshire, England 1979 Iron Age/Romano-British
Sample Period
1039a ND
1276 The Hamel 75-6 Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1980 medieval early 13th-early 16th
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1276a PR.MD.EM comb pit and ditch fills gritty grey-brown or mid12th-mid 13th 1150 1250
1155 Scord of Brouster 77-9 Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1986 2500bc-c.200-300ad
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1155e ? H3 Phase 1 floor nr ? ? ?
1155a ? H2 Phase 1 floor layer nr ? ? ?
1530 Caerwent 02-09 nr Chepstow (Venta Silurum), Gwent, Wales 1978 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1530c RO 1909 ex well fill nr Roman ? ?
1530a RO.RB 1902-8 ex pit and well fills nr Roman ? ?
1338 East Gate Lancaster 73 Lancaster, Mitre Yard, Lancashire, England 1988 roman late 2nd - mid 3rd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1338a RO.RM.MR T12.9 well fill organic Roman 175 250
1364 Tudor Merchant's House Quay St, Tenby, Dyfed, Wales 1990 post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1364a PR.PM.16 1 pit fill mineralised organic post medieval 1500 1600
1370 Cirencester Chester Mews 64 Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England 1982 Roman 1st Century
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1370a RO.ER BC1 47 layer (o.g.s) nr Roman 45 50
1374 Oakbank Crannog Loch Tay, Tayside, Scotland 1988 Bronze Age/Iron Age transition
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1374a PH.BA:IA.BI com occupation layers organic Bronze Age/Iron Age transition -705 -200
1623 The Bedern York 76-80 York, North Yorkshire, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1623a RO (4) well fill matrix of course san Roman 300 450
1676 Manchester 1899 Manchester (Deansgate & Hunts Bank), Greater Manchester, England 1899 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1676a RO.? nr (1) pit fill like peat Roman ? ?
1251 Pond Cairn 37 nr Bridgend, Glamorgan (W, M & S), Wales 1938 middle Bronze Age/Romano-British
Sample Period
1251a PH.BA.MB
1041 Shackerley Mound 81 Telford/Wolverhampton, Shropshire, England 1987 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1041a PR.MD.HM:LM 2nd moat moat fill sandy silts medieval 1289 1500
1345 Denton 59 nr Grantham, Lincolnshire, England 1971 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1345a RO 610113-7 well fill organic matter Roman ? ?
1361 Dod Law West Wooler, Northumberland, England 1989 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1361a PH.IA com rampart layers nr Iron Age -300 100
1392 Watkins Farm Northmoor, nr Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1990 IronAge - Romano-British
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1392b PH.IA 498 burial pit nr Iron Age ? ?
1920 Coppergate 76-81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1995 Roman-Anglo-Scand-medieval
Sample Period Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1920b PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
1920a PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
1002 Cowick 76 nr Snaith, Humberside, England 1989 late medieval, post 1321
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1002a PR.MD.LM 51 moat fill organic late-medieval 1323 1500
1098 Lochlee Crannog 1878 Tarbolton, Ayr, Strathclyde, Scotland 1878 ?
Sample Period
1098a ND
1138 Newstead 05-10 nr Melrose, Borders, Scotland 1911 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1138a RO.RM.ER:MR nr pit fills dark black organic Roman 80 210
1239 Caernarfon 76-7 Segontium (Roman Caernarvon), Gwynedd, Wales 1986 Roman late 1st-early 2nd AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1239a RO.MR well 2c Si well fill sticky silt Roman 100 200
1295 Silchester 1900-08 nr Reading, Hampshire, England 1908 Roman c5AD-c450AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1295a RO com well & pit fills nr Roman 5 450
1044 Hen Domen 60-74 Montgomery, Powys, Wales 1982 pre-Conquest/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1044a PR.MD.HM F1/27 pit fill organic medieval 1223 1300
1617 Rougier St York 81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1990 Roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1617f RO.ER Group 6 (5 road layers - Roman 175 200
1617a RO.MR Group 1 (7 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
1617e RO.ER Group 5 (7 granary layers burnt material Roman 175 200
1617c RO.ER Group 3 (1 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
1617j PR.MD.EM:HM Group 10 ( pit fills - medieval 1100 1300
1728 Ferns Castle 72-5 South Fosse, Wexford, Ireland, Eire 1979 mainly 13th to early 14th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1728a PR.MD.HM - occupation layer sandy grey/black mud medieval 1200 1350
1590 Okehampton Castle 72-80 Okehampton, Devon, England 1982 medieval (1068) - post medieval
Sample Period
1590a PR.MD:PM

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Last updated: Mon Jun 11 2007