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Material Perspectives: Stone Tool Use and Material Culture in Papua New Guinea

Karen Hardy and Paul Sillitoe

Table of Contents

Section 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background

Section 2: Environmental, Ethnographic and Archaeological Context

2.1 Environment
2.2 Ethnographic background
2.3 Archaeological context
2.4 Ethnography and stone tools

Section 3: Material Culture and the Use of Stone Tools

3.1 Raw materials

3.1.1 Stone
3.1.2 Hafts
3.1.3 Wood and bark
3.1.4 Bamboo
3.1.5 Rattan
3.1.6 Feathers and shell
3.1.7 Bone

3.2 Items of material culture

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3.3 Other tasks
3.4 Arrows
3.5 String
3.6 Survival in a prehistoric context

Section 4: Raw Material, Technology, Storage and Discard

4.1 Raw material
4.2 Raw material procurement
4.3 Hammerstones
4.4 Nodule reduction and technology
4.5 Refrain said when knapping chert
4.6 Selection of flakes for use
4.7 Locations where men work with chert tools
4.8 Use and terminology
4.9 Storage and discard
4.10 Ritual uses of stone

Section 5: Social and Gender Aspects of Stone Tool Use

5.1 Social aspects
5.2 Gender
5.3 Children
5.4 Ownership of objects

Section 6: Functional Analysis (Robert Shiel and Karen Hardy)

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Method of analysis
6.3 Sample for analysis

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6.4 Results of the functional analysis
6.5 Analysis of the functional results
6.6 Statistical analysis of use-wear data, with R.S. Shiel
6.7 Ethnographic data
6.8 Users
6.9 Change in edge angles
6.10 Relations between the four phases
6.11 Discussion

Section 7: Wola Use of Lithics within the Wider Material Context

7.1 Wola use of lithics within the wider material context
7.2 Conclusions

Appendix 1: The Assemblage
Appendix 2: Field notes - List of used and bought tools
Appendix 3: Terminology of chert use
References
Acknowledgements

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Last updated: Wed Oct 8 2003