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ABCD: Calluna vulgaris

Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull heather, ling

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Site no Site Location Date Period
7 Skara Brae 72 Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1976 Neolithic
Sample Period
0007a PH.NE
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w + 1
1099 Iona 79 Iona, Strathclyde, Scotland 1981 ??Iron age/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1099a PC:PR.SE.ES:MS D1 ditch fill "peat" dark age/early Christian 475 800
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
bud/s and/or bud-scale/s w Q p 1
1243 Dubby Sike 84 Upper Teesdale, Durham, England 1988 Late prehistoric - early Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1243a PH.IA.LI com pit & feature fills nr late Iron Age/Roman -330 80
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c 124 4
flower/s c 543 4
1065 Oil Mill Lane Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England 1982 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1065a PR.MD.EM F08 & F13 floor layer compressed earth wit late 12th-early 13th 1175 1225
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c + 1
1544 Ower Farm Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, England 1991 13th c
Sample Period
1544a PR.MD.HM
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q p 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q p 1
1366 Holme Pierrepont nr Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England 1969 -
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1366a PH - caulking canoe caulking pre-historic ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q a 4
flower/s w a 4
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w a 4
1769 Hafod y Nant Criafolen 73-4 Brenig Valley Resevoir, Clwyd, Wales 1979 15th or 16th c
Sample Period
1769a PR.MD:PM.LM:16
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c Z p 1
1783 Church Close Hartlepool 84-5 Hartlepool, Cleveland, England 1991 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1783b PR.MD.LM A595 oven floor & walls SED medieval 1375 1450
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s c p 1
1725 Penycoed 83 Llangynog, nr Carmarthen, Dyfed, Wales 1985 late Iron Age and RB (medieval)
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1725a PH.IA com ditch fill nr Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
not specified (cf. not ) w Q! 3 1
1725c PH.IA com post hole fills nr Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
not specified (cf. not ) w Q! 1 1
1729 Shop St Drogheda 81 Drogheda, Co. Louth, Louth, Ireland, Eire 1984 early 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1729a PR.MD.EM:HM 21 & 19 occupation layers brown fiberous organ medieval 1200 1300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 3 2
1288 Bunny nr Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England 1968 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1288a RO.MR - well fill ? Roman 100 300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w 1 1
1541 Wytch Farm 87-90 Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, England 1991 ?
Sample Period
1541a PH.BA:IA.?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q p 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q p 1
1543 Ower Peninsular Wytch Farm Oilfield, Dorset, England 1991 Late Iron Age/ Romano-British
Sample Period
1543a PH:RO.IA:RB.LI:ER
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q p 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q p 1
1357 Moel y Gerddi 80-1 nr Harlech, Gwynedd, Wales 1988 Neolithic-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1357a PH.NE com feature fills nr Neolithic -2800 -2450
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 6 1
1404 Dalton Parlours 76 Collingham, nr Wetherby, West Yorkshire, England 1990 Iron Age and Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1404a PH.RO.? K1 & K2 well fill nr Roman 350 400
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w 5 2
1404c RO.MR M1 & M2 well fill black organic soil Roman 150 250
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w 10 3
1404b RO.LR L well fill silt Roman 250 370
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w 2 1
1017 Watergate St 85 Chester, Cheshire, England 1988 Roman-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1017a PR.MD.HM F9 pit fill organic dark brown mid 13th 1225 1275
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves w + 1
1137 Birrens 62-7 [Blatobulgium], nr Ecclefechan, Dumfries & Galloway, Scotland 1975 1st-2nd C AD Roman Flavian/Antonine
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1137b RO.RM well well fill nr Roman 000 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q p 1
flower/s w Q p 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q p 1
1137a RO.RM well layer burnt Roman Antonine 000 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q p 1
flower/s c Q p 1
1137c RO.RM well well fill nr Roman 000 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q p 1
flower/s w Q p 1
leaves w Q p 1
root/twig fragment/s w Q p 1
1279 Dunston's Clump 81 Babworth, nr East Retford, Nottinghamshire, England 1988 late 1stcBC-3rdcAD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1279a PH:RO.IA:RB Phase I & pit/post hole fills sandy Iron Age/Romano-British 50 50
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
fruit/s (whole or part) c 344 4
1144 Crosskirk 66-72 Caithness, Highland, Scotland 1984 Iron Age?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1144b PH:RO:PC:PR.RB Periods 2- com nr ? -200 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves w 30 3
leaves c 35 3
1169 Warebeth Broch Stromness , Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1990 ?Iron Age
Sample Period
1169a PH.IA
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s m Q* c 3
1185 Brough Road 76-82 Birsay, Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1989 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1185a PR.SE.ES:MS com ? nr later Pictish early Viking ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c p 1
1185c PR.SE.ES:MS Area 3 ? nr later Pictish early Viking ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 11 3
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q p 1
flower/s c Q p 1
charred wood (charcoal) c Q p 1
1054 Saddler St 74 Durham City, Durham, England 1979 10th-early 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1054b PR.SE.AS 1576/1575/ pit fill & midden nr Saxo-Norman 593 1178
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w + 1
1447 Pottergate 73 Norwich, 149N, Norfolk, England 1985 14-15th, c.1450
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1447c PR.PM.16:17 523-1058 ( fire deposit/pit fills nr post medieval 1500 1700
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c 1 1
1526 Norwich Castle Bailey 79 Norwich, Norfolk, England 1985 Saxon-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1526a PR.SE.? 1006 well fill (basal) dark brown organic late Saxon 1000 1075
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves w Q p 1
1631 South Shields 84 South Shields, Tyne and Wear, England 1988 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1631a RO.RM 12236 layer clay & clay silt wit Roman 210 275
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 3 1
1673 James St Drogheda Drogheda, Louth, Ireland, Eire 1985 13th-16th cAD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1673a PR.MD.HM ? occupation deposits nr medieval 1200 1400
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w p 1
1673b PR.PM.16 - occupation deposits ? post-medieval 1500 1600
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w p 1
1569 West Heath 80 Harting, Crowborough/Easting Grinstead, Sussex (E & W), England 1985 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1569a PH.? Barrow VI buried soil & turf stack nr ? -2530 -1220
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 4 1
1134 St Paul St 77-8 Aberdeen, Farquar & Gill, Grampian, Scotland 1982 Mesolithic/c. 1200/post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1134a PR.MD.HM AS223 laye boundary ditch fill organic high medieval 1275 1350
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w 20 3
twig/s c 460 4
twig/s w 378 4
flower/s w 96 4
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c 5 2
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 234 4
leaves w 12 3
1134b PR.MD.HM comb pit fills nr high medieval 1300 1350
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w 138 4
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c 3 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 413 4
leaves w 66 4
leaves c 3 1
propagule/s, seed/s w 31 3
1135 Queen St Midden Area 73 Aberdeen, Grampian, Scotland 1982 mesolithis/early 13th/post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1135a PR.MD.HM FN57/F7A/5 pit fill organic high medieval 1200 1400
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s w 19 3
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 69 4
flower/s w 24 3
1135b PR.MD.HM Area I L 3 midden/dump area nr high medieval 1200 1400
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w 14 3
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 74 4
twig/s w 29 3
1229 Craigs 85 Dunley Co. Antrim, Antrim, N. Ireland 1988 late medieval
Sample Period
1229a PR.PM
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q 1 1
1175 Mollins 80 nr Glasgow, Strathclyde, Scotland 1985 Roman agricolan
Sample Period
1175a RO
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
waterlogged wood w Q oc 1
1178 Saevar Howe 77 Birsay, Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1983 Viking overlying Pictish
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1178a PR.SE.AS Phase IIb/ house floors nr norse 9th c 800 900
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c p 1
1048 Dublin 62-81 Fishamble/Wood Quay etc, Dublin, Ireland, Eire 1987 early medieval ?9th-?13/14?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1048a PR.SE.AS.? COMB various ? early medieval 0 0
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s ? p 1
1062 Doubstead 80 Scremerston, nr Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England 1982 ?Romano-British
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1062a RO.RB 5 ditch fill silty clay Romano-British 075 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q + 1
flower/s c + 1
1527 Magistrates Court Norwich Norwich (Whitefriars St site), Norfolk, England 1988 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1527i PR.MD.EM:HM Period 2 pit & gully fills nr medieval 1100 1300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w + 1
leaves w + 1
1527a PR.SE:MD.? 1119, 1122 gully fill nr Period 2 1100 1300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c p 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c p 1
leaves c p 1
1527f PR.MD.EM:HM Period 2 pit & gully fills nr medieval 1100 1300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w + 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w + 1
1344 Valle Crucis 70 nr Llangollen, Clwyd, Wales 1976 medieval
Sample Period
1344b PR.MD
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c Q + 1
1616 General Accident York 83-4 York, 24-30 Tanner Row, North Yorkshire, England 1990 roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1616f RO.MR Period 6 ( occupation layers/buildup - Roman 175 250
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 1 1
flower/s w Q 1 1
twig/s w Q 1 1
1616b RO.MR Period 2 ( buildup & ditch fill - Roman 125 175
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w Q 1 1
twig/s w Q 3 1
1616g RO.LR Period 7 ( well fill - Roman 225 350
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
rhizome/s or root/s c Q 1 1
rhizome/s or root/s w Q 1 1
flower/s w Q 1 1
twig/s w Q 1 1
1616c RO.MR Period 3 ( feature fills, buildups & - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q 4 1
rhizome/s or root/s c Q 1 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 8 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w Q 1 1
leaves w Q 2 1
twig/s w Q 2 1
rhizome/s or root/s w Q 8 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 1 1
1616d RO.MR Period 4 ( organic accumulation/buil - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s w Q 4 1
flower/s w Q 3 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 1 1
rhizome/s or root/s c Q 2 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 6 1
1616e RO.MR Period 5 ( organic accumulation organic Roman 175 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
rhizome/s or root/s c Q 1 1
rhizome/s or root/s w Q 12 2
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 7 1
flower/s w Q 9 1
leaves c Q 4 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w Q 3 1
bud/s and/or bud-scale/s w Q 1 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 1 1
1639 Bearsden nr Glasgow (Antonine Wall), Central, Scotland 19?? Roman mid 2nd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1639a RO.? column ditch fill silts Roman ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q p 1
1790 Lissue 47 nr Lisburn, Antrim, N. Ireland 1951 9th to late 10th c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1790a PR:PC.SE - ditch fills muds AS? 800 950
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w p 1
1791 Lagore 50 Dunshaughlin, Co. Meath, Meath, Ireland, Eire 1950 mid 7th - late 10th c AD
Sample Period
1791b PR:PC.SE
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w p 1
1926 Eastgate Beverley 83-86 Beverley, Humberside, England 1992 Anglian-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1926a PR.SE:MD Phase 1 extensive layer sandy silt pre 8thc ? 750
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q p 1
1727 Crown Court 85-6 Newcastle Quayside, Tyne and Wear, England 1989 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1727a PR.MD com many ? medieval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q p 1
1125 Kirkwall 78 Orkney, KIM 78 & KIB78, Orkney, Scotland 1982 medieval-post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1125a PR.MD:PM.LM:16 KIM78, KIB midden layers/dumps blackish crumbly amo med/post-med 1400 1600
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q +++ 1
twig/s w Q +++ 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q + 1
flower/s w Q +++ 1
1176 Elgin High St Elgin, Grampian, Scotland 1987 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1176a PR.PM.17:18 pit 18 pit fill nr post-reformation 1600 1800
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c Q + 1
1176b PR.PM.17:18 pit 17 pit fill nr post-reformation 1600 1800
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves w Q + 1
1445 Whitefriars St 79 Norwich, Norfolk, England 1983 Saxon and medieval 10th-early 13th
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1445c PR.SE:MD.AS:EM Period III pit fill & layer black silty loam Saxon & medieval 1075 1200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w + 1
1524 Gallows Hill 78-9 Thetford, Norfolk, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1524a PH.? 8 (1) layer/deposit charred plant materi ?Iron Age or Roman ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q ab 4
propagule/s, seed/s c Q ab 4
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c !1 p 1
charred wood (charcoal) c Q ab 4
1615 Causeway House ?nr Haltwhistle, Northumberland, England 1990 post medieval 1770
Sample Period
1615a PR.MD
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves d ! p 1
1619 Skeldergate York 73-5 York, North Yorkshire, England 1978 Roman-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1619a RO.MR.LR (?13) well fill sands & silts pink b late Roman 100 400
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 7 2
anther/s w Q 1 1
twig/s w Q 5 2
flower/s w Q 7 2
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 2 1
1620 Lloyds Bank York 72-3 6-8 Pavement, York, North Yorkshire, England 1983 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1620a PR.SE.AS (43) layers/?occupation floors - Anglo-Scand 900 1100
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q 6 1
leaves w Q 1 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 11 2
1621 Coppergate 74 York, North Yorkshire, England 1983 Roman-Anglo-Scand-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1621b PR.SE:MD Area S wattle layers nr AS-Norman & medieval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q 1 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 2 1
1621c PR.SE:MD Area B wattle layers nr AS-Norman & medieval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 1 1
77 Freswick Links Freswick, Caithness, Highland, Scotland 1983 late Norse
Sample Period
0077a PR.SE
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c + 1
164 Langton Villa nr Malton, North Yorkshire, England 1932 Roman
Sample Period
0164a RO
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s w Z + 1
1038 Fishbourne 61-9 Chichester (Harbour), Sussex (E & W), England 1971 Roman/Flavian period AD50-100
Sample Period
1038a RO.RN.ER
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
pollen grain/s or spore/s w Q + 1
1224 Brough of Birsay 74-82 Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1986 early Christain-Norse
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1224a PR.SE.MS phase 1 features ? early Christian/Norse 650 850
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c + 1
1224b PR.SE.MS phase 2.1 features ? norse 850 900
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c 1 1
1224c PR.SE.AS phase 2.2 features ? norse/early med 900 1200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c + 1
1155 Scord of Brouster 77-9 Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1986 2500bc-c.200-300ad
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1155e ? H3 Phase 1 floor nr ? ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 2 1
1155d ? H1 Phase 2 floor & hearth nr ? ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 6 2
1159 Mavis Grind 78-9 Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1983 Late Bronze/Early Iron Age
Sample Period
1159a PH.BA:IA.BI
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c 2 1
charred wood (charcoal) c Q + 1
1160 Clickhimin 53 Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1968 late Bronze Age - Iron Age ?2nd c AD
Sample Period
1160a PH.IA
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
stem fragment/s (non-cereal) c Q + 1
1170 Sheils 73-4 Govan, Glasgow, Strathclyde, Scotland 1983 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1170a PH.IA - ditch fill sily/sand & organic Roman Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q + 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q + 1
twig/s w Q + 1
leaves w Q + 1
1531 Vindolanda 71-6 Chesterholme, Northumberland, England 1976 Roman cAD 85-125
Sample Period
1531a RO.RM
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w !Z p 1
1542 West Creech Wych Farm Oilfield, Dorset, England 1991 mid-late Iron Age
Sample Period
1542a PH.IA.MI.LI
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q p 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q p 1
1338 East Gate Lancaster 73 Lancaster, Mitre Yard, Lancashire, England 1988 roman late 2nd - mid 3rd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1338a RO.RM.MR T12.9 well fill organic Roman 175 250
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 5 2
1338b RO.RM.MR T12.9 well fill organic round pellet Roman 175 250
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w 3 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 4 1
1389 Hengistbury Head 70-85 nr Christchurch, Dorset, England 1987 Upper Palaeolithic to late Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1389a PH.IA.EI.MI com - nr early to mid Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q * 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c Q * 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q * 1
1389d PH:RO.IA:RN.LI:ER com - nr late Iron Age/Roman & Roman ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q * 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q * 1
leaves c Q * 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q * 1
1389e ND com - nr undated ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q * 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q * 1
1389c PH.IA.LI com - nr late Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q * 1
leaves c Q * 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c Q * 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q * 1
1389b PH.IA.LI com - nr late Iron Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s c Q * 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q * 1
leaves c Q * 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c Q * 1
propagule/s, seed/s c Q * 1
1623 The Bedern York 76-80 York, North Yorkshire, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1623a RO (4) well fill matrix of course san Roman 300 450
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s w Q 2 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 2 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 2 1
flower/s w Q 3 1
1037 Austin Friars 73-8 Leicester, Leicestershire, England 1985 pre-Boreal
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1037a PH AF389 1983 natural peat peat underlying blue pre-Boreal ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaf/leaves and/or shoot/s (mosses) w Q + 1
1105 Holland 79 nr Kirkwall, Mainland, Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1981 Bronze Age
Sample Period
1105a PH.BA
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c Q + 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c 1 1
1126 Stanydale 49 Mainland, Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1950 ??neolithic/beaker??
Sample Period
1126a PH.NE:BA
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c Q + 1
1166 College Goods Yard High St, Glasgow, Strathclyde, Scotland 1986 late medieval-post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1166a PR.MD:PM comb pit fills nr late-post-medieval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
not specified (cf. not ) ? Q + 1
1173 Gurness Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1987 Ist millenium AD-10th cAD Pictish/Viking
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1173a RO:PC:PR.SE GA77.273 ? ? pictish/viking 100 1000
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
charred wood (charcoal) c + 1
1519 Battle Abbey 78-80 Battle, nr Hastings, Sussex (E & W), England 1985 Norman - post dissolution
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1519a PR.MD:PM (7) com nr medieval/post-medieval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s ? D 49 3
1361 Dod Law West Wooler, Northumberland, England 1989 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1361a PH.IA com rampart layers nr Iron Age -300 100
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c 53 3
flower/s c 527 4
1627 Sewer Lane 74 Kingston-upon-Hull, Humberside, England 1977 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1627b PR.PM.16 Phase IV P pit fill organic post medieval 1500 1550
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q p 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q p 1
1920 Coppergate 76-81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1995 Roman-Anglo-Scand-medieval
Sample Period Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1920b PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q 63 3
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 3 1
twig/s w Q 24 3
root/twig fragment/s w Q 2 1
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w Q 26 3
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 21 3
1920a PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s w Q 36 3
leaves w Q 2 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 59 3
flower/s w Q 60 3
bud/s and/or bud-scale/s w Q 4 1
twig/s w Q 42 3
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 23 3
root/twig fragment/s w Q 3 1
1667 Minnis Bay nr Birchington, Kent, England 1941 late Bronze Age/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1667b ND (2) subsoil layer clay late Bronze Age or mediaval ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w ! p 1
1678 Ebor Brewery York, North Yorkshire, England 1976 Anglo-Scandinavian-early med 13th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1678a PR.SE:MD.AS:EM - ditch fill nr AS/early medieval 900 1300
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
stem fragment/s (non-cereal) w Q2 p 1
1011 West Stow (Saxon) 65-72 nr Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England 1985 Saxon
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1011a RO. WS472 pit fill nr Roman ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
capsule/s, fruit capsule/s c 6 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q + 1
1011b PR.SE.AS WSSFB63 SFB nr Anglo-Saxon 0 0
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 6 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q + 1
1083 Liddle 74 S Ronaldsay, Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1977 middle-late bronze age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1083a PH.MB:LB 1 trough fill silty clay soil middle Bronze Age ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
rhizome/s or root/s w + 1
1084 Stones of Stenness 77 Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1978 neolithic
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1084b PH.NE CF feature fill nr Neolithic ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaf/leaves and/or shoot/s (mosses) w 1 1
1084a PH.NE OR ditch fill organic layer Neolithic ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w 1 1
1129 Murton High Crags nr Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, England 1987 prehist - RB & later/1000BC-2nd/3rd cAD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1129a PH.IA COM feature fills nr pre-Roman Iron Age -1000 0000
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c 8 1
1138 Newstead 05-10 nr Melrose, Borders, Scotland 1911 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1138a RO.RM.ER:MR nr pit fills dark black organic Roman 80 210
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s w Q p 1
flower/s w Q p 1
leaves w Q p 1
stem fragment/s (non-cereal) w Q p 1
1313 Killeaba 68-9 Ramsey, IOM, Isle of Man, Isle of Man 1978 Neolithic/Early Bronze Age
Sample Period
1313a PH.NE:BA.BE:EB
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
pollen grain/s or spore/s w Q + 1
1174 Bu Orkney, Orkney, Scotland 1987 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1174a PH.IA 279-290 Ph floor layers/middens nr Iron Age -803 -456
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
propagule/s, seed/s c 11 3
leaves c 3 2
charred wood (charcoal) c + 1
1451 Holy Island Village 77 Lindisfarne, Northumberland, England 1985 Saxon-post med-early modern
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1451c PR.? Phase 4 23 pit fill nr early post med ? ?
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
shoot fragment/s or tip/s c Q p 1
1617 Rougier St York 81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1990 Roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1617a RO.MR Group 1 (7 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
leaves c Q 1 1
flower/s w Q 1 1
shoot fragment/s or tip/s w Q 2 1
propagule/s, seed/s w Q 2 1
bud/s and/or bud-scale/s w Q 1 1
1617c RO.ER Group 3 (1 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
flower/s w Q 1 1
1617e RO.ER Group 5 (7 granary layers burnt material Roman 175 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
rhizome/s or root/s c Q 1 1
1617b RO.ER Group 2 (3 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
twig/s w Q 1 1
1617d RO.ER Group 4 (1 layer - Roman 150 200
Part Preservation Problem code Quantity Abundance
rhizome/s or root/s w Q 1 1
twig/s w Q 1 1

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