Conjoining antler fragments form refitting units. The refitting units are recorded,
according to identification numbers. A refitting unit consists of two or more conjoining
elements. Each refitting unit is recorded with several attributes.
a: Lower main
beam fragment, unshed antler, right
b: Antler base fragment, unshed
antler,
left
Spatial provenance:
a: C
b: C
Distance:
24cm
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: Planum c b: Planum c
Special characteristics:
When discovered, both finds were lying on their lateral sides,
being laterally encrusted by sediment; the sediment crust contains coarse-grained sand.
Medially, both finds
exhibit
parts of the sagittal suture, which is the point at which disintegration is likely to occur. At the posterior, both
finds have parts of
the parietal
bones preserved. The surfaces of both finds are preserved differentially, particularly noticeable in the
burr regions:
when excavated, the upward pointing sides were more abraded than the downward pointing sides.
Where the
sediment crust is
missing, the sides lying downward exhibit almost no abrasion. Fragmentation of the refitting
unit was prior
to abrasion.
ID:
2
Refit:
355/350,
161/58,
165/9
Morphological description:
a: Lower main
beam, unshed antler, right
b: Antler base fragment,
unshed antler, left
c: Second
tine, basal fragment,
left
Spatial provenance:
a: B
b: B
c: B
Distance:
a - b: ?
b - c: ?
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: Planum b
b: ?
c: Planum b
Special characteristics:
The stratigraphic provenance of find b
can only be
approximated, since the find
is not documented in the square plan. Probably it was found in the fault of square 161. Find a
was,
according to the excavation report from 1986, encountered in an area, which is not further
documented or
elsewhere
explained in the literature. This fact is even more problematic, since in square 355, the
presence of a
working
station was postulated (D. Mania 1986a). The excavation
report from 1986 notes a
shallow broad channel, being cut some 25cm deep
into the underlying loesslike sediment. The channel was filled with sand; it runs NW-SE towards
the pavement
area, in
the direct neighbourhood of square 355. The channel was described also in other squares,
especially in
squares
261, 262, 273, 276, 320, 321, 337, 338 and 354 (D. Mania 1983a, Abb. 7 + 8, for
extension of the channel to the NW).
Circumstances in square 355 are described, or interpreted, as follows. The top of the
channel's infill forms
the surface on
which finds were accumulated, it corresponds with the surface of the loesslike deposit outside
the channel
(main find
horizon). In fact, find a was not encountered lying on the channel's infill surface, but in a
depression,
filled with
sand. In the depression, two antlers were encountered lying crossways one over the other.
Breakage or
disintegration between finds a + b occurs along the sagittal suture. The anterior of both finds
exhibit remaining parts of the parietal bone. The larger find, a, is crushed and deformed in the
main beam
area, as a result of
pressure from overlying finds.
ID:
3
Refit:
119/41,
106/300
Morphological description:
a: Antler base fragment, unshed
antler, right
b: Antler base
fragment,
unshed antler, left
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: A
The finds were probably encountered on the two sides of a
major
fault. Find a is not documented.
Distance:
?
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: ?
b: ?
Special characteristics:
The finds conjoin along the preserved
parts of the
sagittal
suture. Laterally both finds are broken along the sutura squamosa, separating the frontal and
the parietal
bone. Posterior
breaks follow the line of the coronal suture. Both finds are badly decayed, the burrs
are very abraded.
Finds a + b were found in squares that are rich in antler material.
ID:
4
Refit:
155/B9,
155/B10
Morphological description:
a: Lower main beam, unshed antler,
right
b: Lower main
beam, unshed antler,
left
Spatial provenance:
a: B
b: B
Distance:
54cm
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: Planum b
b: Planum b
Special characteristics:
The frontal bone of find a is anteriorly
well preserved. Medially, the finds conjoin along the rest of the preserved sagittal suture. Lateral
disintegration in both finds occurs along the sutura squamosa, that separates frontal and parietal bones. Posterior disintegration
follows the coronal suture; find a has parts of the parietal attached. Both finds were encountered with their
skull parts lying to the west, and the tines pointing in a south-east direction. Weak differential abrasion is visible on both
finds.
ID:
5
Refit:
198/66,
198/70
Morphological description:
a: Lower main beam, unshed antler,
right
b: Antler base
fragment, unshed antler, left
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: A
Distance:
c. 46cm
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: ?
b: ?
The travertine sands of the diluvial fan are about 45cm thick here.
Special characteristics:
Both finds fit together along the
sagittal suture.
Posterior
breakage occurs along the coronal suture. Both finds have anteriorly well-preserved frontals.
The surfaces
of both finds
are badly decayed.
ID:
6
Refit:
64/B1,
64/B2, 106/304,
102/242
Morphological description:
a: Lower main beam, unshed antler,
right
b: Lower main beam, unshed antler,
left
c: Second tine,
left
d: Second tine,
basal fragment, right
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: A
c: A
d: A
Distance:
a - b: ?
a - d: ?
b - c: ?
Stratigraphical provenance:
All finds come from the diluvial
fan; more detailed
stratigraphic information is missing. The two big lower main beams were encountered close
to the hominid
occipital
bone A1 (Mania et al.1980), they were found in a channel
below the diluvial fan. The
finds were: "zusammen im
strudellochartig erweiterten Teil einer von West nach Ost verlaufenden Bachrinne unter dem
Schwemmfächer
(Taf. 31)" (Mania et al. 1980, 93). Both main beam finds
were mapped in D. Mania (1986a, Abb. 2 as Nr.8 + 9). The two base tines are not
documented, since it is not certain whether they come from a channel below the diluvial fan or
from inside
the diluvial fan.
Special characteristics:
Disintegration of the two
lower main
beams follows
the sagittal suture. Posteriorly it follows the coronal suture; the lateral breakage occurs
along the squamous
sutures
that separate frontals and parietals. Find a was encountered lying on the medial side, find b
was found with
the lateral
side pointing to the ground.
ID:
7
Refit:
93/B1,
200/30
Morphological description:
a: Lower main beam fragment, unshed
antler, left
b: Lower main
beam fragment, unshed antler, right
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: A
Distance:
c. 14.3m
Stratigraphical provenance:
Stratigraphical information is
lacking for find a.
Find
b is known to have come from close to the shore line; the diluvial fan travertine sands have a
thickness of 20-
25cm here.
Special characteristics:
Medially the sagittal suture is preserved
along the
length
of the find. Posteriorly on both finds, parts of the parietals are preserved, anteriorly the
frontal bones
are
well preserved. Find b exhibits differential abrasion and was encountered in the course of the
excavation
with the lateral
side pointing upwards; that side is more abraded than the medial side. Find a does not
show differential
abrasion and has modern disturbances, being repaired with gypsum. Find a was excavated in square 93;
documentation
is not
available. Find a is mapped and illustrated by D. Mania (1986a, Abb. 2 as Nr. 37;
Taf. 101, 1). So, an approximation of
the distance between the conjoining finds was possible.
ID:
8
Refit:
152/a,
132/88,
132/90
Morphological description:
a: Antler base, shed antler,
right
b:Lower main beam fragment, right
c: Second tine, right
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: A
c: A
Distance:
a - b: ?
a - c: ?
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: ?
b: ?
c: ?
Special characteristics:
Antler base 152/a probably comes from
the fault in
square
152, but this is an assumption only, since the find is neither mapped nor mentioned in the
excavation
report. The lower
main beam fragment exhibits a slightly more pronounced edge rounding along the breakage than the
corresponding
breakage of the
antler base. The missing brow tine cannot be refitted mechanically, but probably the brow tine
121/199 is the
corresponding find. It is distally disturbed, probably by cervid activity.
ID:
9
Refit:
155/170,
176/64
Morphological description:
a: Lower main beam fragment, left
b: Antler base,
shed antler, left
Spatial provenance:
a: B
b: B
Distance:
40cm
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: Planum b b: Planum b
The excavation reports notes a thickness of 10-20cm of travertine sands. The finds are
described as
covered by travertine sands. According to D. Mania (pers. communication) finds in this
position
are generally encountered
lying directly on the surface of the loesslike sediment, forming the old surface, on which
finds
accumulated.
Special characteristics:
Weathering cracks were formed prior to
breakage of the
refitting unit. The second tine fragment of the antler base shows modern disturbance.
ID:
10
Refit:
99/393, 56/a
Morphological description:
a: Antler base, shed antler,
left
b: Lower main beam fragment, left
Spatial provenance:
a: A
b: B
Distance:
c. 8m
Stratigraphical provenance:
a: ?
b: Planum b
Find a is neither stratigraphically nor two-dimensionally registered in the documentation; it
was
mapped by D. Mania (1986a, Abb. 2 as Nr. 45). The
stratigraphic relationship between finds from the shore terrace
and those from
the diluvial fan cannot be accessed on the basis of this refit.
Special characteristics:
The oblique breakage occurred after
weathering cracks
had
formed. Parts of the burr are missing on the medial side; that disturbance is modern. The
visible parts of
the disturbed
area exhibit manganese staining, indicating the strong diagenetic modification of the find.
![[Back]](/icons/back.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/toc.gif){kind=icon}
![[Journal Homepage]](/icons/ia.gif){kind=icon}