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ABCD: Viola sp.

Viola sp.

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Site no Site Location Date Period
1004 Highgate 77 Beverley, Humberside, England 1980 Early medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1004a PR.SE.AS.? F dumped layer dark greyish brown c early medieval 0 0
1099 Iona 79 Iona, Strathclyde, Scotland 1981 ??Iron age/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1099a PC:PR.SE.ES:MS D1 ditch fill "peat" dark age/early Christian 475 800
1263 Alchester 74 Bicester, Oxfordshire, England 1976 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1263b RO.RN.LR 105 ditch fill fine grey silt late Roman 100 400
1055 Westward Ho! 83-4 nr Bideford, Devon, England 1987 mesolithic
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1055a PH.ML Block 26 natural peat humified fen peat ?mesolithic ? ?
1544 Ower Farm Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, England 1991 13th c
Sample Period
1544a PR.MD.HM
1397 Finck St 78 London, Lambeth, Greater London, England 1988 Roman-late medieval
Sample Period
1397a RO:PR.MD
1612 Llangar nr Corwen, Clwyd, Wales 1980 post-medieval (?mostly mid C17-mid C19)
Sample Period Context Type Period
1612b PR.PM graves 6,27,44 grave fills post-medieval
1624 The Bedern York 76-80 York, North Yorkshire, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1624a PR.SE.MS (3) pit/depression fills dark silty clays Anglian 580 900
1725 Penycoed 83 Llangynog, nr Carmarthen, Dyfed, Wales 1985 late Iron Age and RB (medieval)
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1725b PH.IA com ditch fill nr Iron Age ? ?
1725a PH.IA com ditch fill nr Iron Age ? ?
1726 Newcastle Town Ditch 86-7 Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England 1989 early 14th to late 18th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1726b PR.PM - ditch fill nr post-medieval ? ?
1739 Peninsular House City of London, Greater London, England 1991 early mediaval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1739a PR.SE Phases 1-4 hearths/occupation layers ? Saxon-Norman ? ?
1582 Kirkby Thore 83 nr Appleby, Cumbria, England 1989 Roman - medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1582a RO (5) feature fills nr Roman 100 200
1013 Little Waltham r/c 71 nr Chelmsford, Essex, England 1978 early Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1013a PH.BA.EB 1 channel fill detritus mud/alluviu early Bronze Age ? ?
1423 Trumpington 69 Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridgeshire, England 1973 ?Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1423a PH.IA.? - ditch fill nr ?Iron Age ? ?
1331 Wilsford Shaft 60-2 nr Amesbury, Wiltshire, England 1989 later Bronze Age-Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1331a PH.BA.LB 1962 well fill chalk rubble with or later Bronze Age -1515 -1400
1357 Moel y Gerddi 80-1 nr Harlech, Gwynedd, Wales 1988 Neolithic-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1357a PH.NE com feature fills nr Neolithic -2800 -2450
1369 Woolster St 65-6 Plymouth, Devon, England 1970 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1369a PR.MD.HM:LM nr drain fill sticky deposits, v. early 14th-late 15th 1300 1500
1393 Queen St Newcastle Newcastle upon Tyne (Quayside), Tyne and Wear, England 1988 12th-19th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1393b PR.MD.HM Phase 4 accumulation organic medieval 1250 1300
1393a PR.MD.HM Phase 1&2 accumulations organic medieval 1100 1300
1393c PR.MD:PM.HM:LM:16:17 Phase 5 accumulation organic medieval 1350 1650
1400 Scale Lane Lowgate 74 Kingston-upon-Hull, Humberside, England 1974 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1400a PR.MD.HM 30/36 garderobe ? medieval 1350 1400
1638 Runnymede 78 nr Egham, Berkshire, England 1992 Mesolithic-Neolithic-late Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1638d PH.BA.LB L14/20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638e PH.BA.LB L19 midden nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638f PH.BA.LB F15 pit fill nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638h PH.BA.LB column WF1 channel deposits nr ??late Bronze Age? ? ?
1638b PH.BA.LB L24 channel sediment nr Late Bronze Age ? ?
1638c PH.BA.LB L20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1245 Castle Acre 72-7 nr Swaffham, Norfolk, England 1983 1085-late 12thc
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1245a PR.MD.EM comb make up/midden nr medieval 1140 1200
1169 Warebeth Broch Stromness , Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1990 ?Iron Age
Sample Period
1169a PH.IA
1673 James St Drogheda Drogheda, Louth, Ireland, Eire 1985 13th-16th cAD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1673b PR.PM.16 - occupation deposits ? post-medieval 1500 1600
1001 Rhuddlan 79-80 nr Rhyl, Clwyd, Wales 1985 Anglo-Saxon/Early medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1001a PR.SE.AS 1-10 charcoal spread charred material Anglo-Saxon 0920 0990
1048 Dublin 62-81 Fishamble/Wood Quay etc, Dublin, Ireland, Eire 1987 early medieval ?9th-?13/14?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1048a PR.SE.AS.? COMB various ? early medieval 0 0
1509 Berrington St 72-6 Hereford, Hereford & Worcester, England 1985 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1509d PR.PM.16 Site 4 P6 pit fill nr post medieval 1700 1720
1407 Coneybury Anomaly 81 Amesbury, Wiltshire, England 1990 Early Neolithic to Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1407b PH.NE - ditch fill nr later neolithic ? ?
1616 General Accident York 83-4 York, 24-30 Tanner Row, North Yorkshire, England 1990 roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1616f RO.MR Period 6 ( occupation layers/buildup - Roman 175 250
1616b RO.MR Period 2 ( buildup & ditch fill - Roman 125 175
1616g RO.LR Period 7 ( well fill - Roman 225 350
1616a ND Period 1 ( occupation layers - undated pre-Roman/Roman ? ?
1616c RO.MR Period 3 ( feature fills, buildups & - Roman 150 200
1616j PR.MD.EM:HM Period 11 pit fills - early medieval 1100 1300
1616k PR.MD.EM:HM Period 12 pit or well fills - Medieval 1200 1300
1616d RO.MR Period 4 ( organic accumulation/buil - Roman 150 200
1616e RO.MR Period 5 ( organic accumulation organic Roman 175 200
1638 Runnymede 78 nr Egham, E, London: British Museum. 1992 Mesolithic-Neolithic-late Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1638d PH.BA.LB L14/20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638e PH.BA.LB L19 midden nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638f PH.BA.LB F15 pit fill nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1638h PH.BA.LB column WF1 channel deposits nr ??late Bronze Age? ? ?
1638b PH.BA.LB L24 channel sediment nr Late Bronze Age ? ?
1638c PH.BA.LB L20 channel sediment nr late Bronze Age ? ?
1639 Bearsden nr Glasgow (Antonine Wall), Central, Scotland 19?? Roman mid 2nd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1639a RO.? column ditch fill silts Roman ? ?
1918 Maiden Castle 85-6 (a) nr Dorchester, Dorset, England 1991 (Neolithic) Iron Age (Roman, med.)
Sample Period
1918a PH.NE:BA:IA
1926 Eastgate Beverley 83-86 Beverley, Humberside, England 1992 Anglian-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1926a PR.SE:MD Phase 1 extensive layer sandy silt pre 8thc ? 750
1727 Crown Court 85-6 Newcastle Quayside, Tyne and Wear, England 1989 medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1727a PR.MD com many ? medieval ? ?
1125 Kirkwall 78 Orkney, KIM 78 & KIB78, Orkney, Scotland 1982 medieval-post medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1125a PR.MD:PM.LM:16 KIM78, KIB midden layers/dumps blackish crumbly amo med/post-med 1400 1600
1284 North Elmham Park 62-72 North Elmham, Norwich/Fakenham, Norfolk, England 1980 middle Saxon/med/post med/9th-12th-
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1284a PR.SE.MS comb well fill olive grey silty cla mid Saxon 800 850
1524 Gallows Hill 78-9 Thetford, Norfolk, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1524a PH.? 8 (1) layer/deposit charred plant materi ?Iron Age or Roman ? ?
1619 Skeldergate York 73-5 York, North Yorkshire, England 1978 Roman-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1619a RO.MR.LR (?13) well fill sands & silts pink b late Roman 100 400
1619b PH:RO.ER 2356 buried soil humic stained sandy Roman or immediatly pre-Roman -30 250
1620 Lloyds Bank York 72-3 6-8 Pavement, York, North Yorkshire, England 1983 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1620a PR.SE.AS (43) layers/?occupation floors - Anglo-Scand 900 1100
1621 Coppergate 74 York, North Yorkshire, England 1983 Roman-Anglo-Scand-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1621a PR.SE:MD.AS:EM Area N ?floor layers nr AS-Norman & medieval ? ?
1621b PR.SE:MD Area S wattle layers nr AS-Norman & medieval ? ?
1629 Farmoor 74-6 Farmoor, Upper Thames, Oxfordshire, England 1979 Iron Age-Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1629a PH:RO.IA.RB.? (5) sump, gully & ditch fills - Iron Age ? ?
1925 Lurk Lane 79-82 Beverley, Humberside, England 1991 Anglian-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1925e PR.MD.LM Phase 8 garderobe fill dark brown/black"pe c1400-1500 1400 1500
2000 Milburngate 83 Durham City, Durham, England 1993 Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period
2000d PR.BA 196 natural deposit 'organic layer' Bronze Age
2000c PR.BA 194 natural deposit 'organic layer' Bronze Age
2000a PR.BA 182 natural deposit 'organic layer' Bronze Age
1734 Abbots Worthy nr Winchester, Hampshire, England 1992 middle Saxon
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1734b PR.SE.AS ? large pits ? Anglo-Saxon ? ?
1734c PR.SE.AS ? pits ? Anglo-Saxon ? ?
1224 Brough of Birsay 74-82 Orkney (Mainland), Orkney, Scotland 1986 early Christain-Norse
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1224a PR.SE.MS phase 1 features ? early Christian/Norse 650 850
1155 Scord of Brouster 77-9 Shetland, Shetland, Scotland 1986 2500bc-c.200-300ad
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1155b ? H2 Phase 2 floor/raised floor/recess nr ? ? ?
1170 Sheils 73-4 Govan, Glasgow, Strathclyde, Scotland 1983 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1170a PH.IA - ditch fill sily/sand & organic Roman Iron Age ? ?
1492 Tanyard Lane 77 Steyning, Sussex (E & W), England 1979 late Saxon-late medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1492b PR.MD.EM 49/66/88 features ? early medieval ? ?
1530 Caerwent 02-09 nr Chepstow (Venta Silurum), Gwent, Wales 1978 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1530a RO.RB 1902-8 ex pit and well fills nr Roman ? ?
1338 East Gate Lancaster 73 Lancaster, Mitre Yard, Lancashire, England 1988 roman late 2nd - mid 3rd c AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1338a RO.RM.MR T12.9 well fill organic Roman 175 250
1338b RO.RM.MR T12.9 well fill organic round pellet Roman 175 250
1374 Oakbank Crannog Loch Tay, Tayside, Scotland 1988 Bronze Age/Iron Age transition
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1374a PH.BA:IA.BI com occupation layers organic Bronze Age/Iron Age transition -705 -200
1375 Church St Carmarthen 76 Carmarthen, Dyfed, Wales 1978 Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1375b RO.RM.ER 73a & 73b ditch fill grey silty clay Roman 50 150
1375a RO.RM.LR well 59 well fill compacted plant rema Roman 275 350
1389 Hengistbury Head 70-85 nr Christchurch, Dorset, England 1987 Upper Palaeolithic to late Roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1389d PH:RO.IA:RN.LI:ER com - nr late Iron Age/Roman & Roman ? ?
1389e ND com - nr undated ? ?
1389c PH.IA.LI com - nr late Iron Age ? ?
1622 Coney St York 74-5 York, North Yorkshire, England 1979 roman
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1622d RO.RM 2105 silt layer humic silt Roman ? ?
1623 The Bedern York 76-80 York, North Yorkshire, England 1986 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1623a RO (4) well fill matrix of course san Roman 300 450
1653 St Thomas St Southwark, London, Greater London, England 1978 ?
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1653a RO F28 B111 2 pit fill organic Roman 160 200
1760 Hazleton North 79-82 Cheltenham/Northleach, Gloucestershire, England 1990 Neolithic
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1760b PH.NE - buried `soil' nr Neolithic ? ?
1928 Speke Hall 81-2 nr Liverpool, Merseyside, England 1992 med-post-med
Sample Period Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1928a PR.MD:PM.LM:16 moat fill organic silty sand late med/post-med 1475 1550
1694 Rams Hill 72-3 nr Wantage, Berkshire, England 1975 Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1694a PH.BA com feature fills nr Bronze Age ? ?
1003 Danebury 78 Andover/Salisbury/Winchester, Hampshire, England 1984 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1003a PH.IA 450-1098 pit fills & layers nr Iron Age -550 -50
1008 Thorpe Thewles 80-2 nr Stockton-on-Tees, Cleveland, England 1987 Iron Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1008a PH.IA.LI COMB feature fills silty sandy clay late Iron Age -300 100
1204 Black Patch 77-9 Lewes, Sussex (E & W), England 1982 Late Bronze Age
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1204a PH.BA.LB HP1 7 4 post holes, floors nr late Bronze Age -1070 -830
1210 Knights Farm 3 74-8 Burghfield, nr Reading (subsite 3), Berkshire, England 1980 Bronze Age
Sample Period
1210a PH.BA
1392 Watkins Farm Northmoor, nr Oxford, Oxfordshire, England 1990 IronAge - Romano-British
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1392a PH.IA (2) ditch & gully fill nr Iron Age ? ?
1920 Coppergate 76-81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1995 Roman-Anglo-Scand-medieval
Sample Period Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1920b PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
1920a PR.SE.AS combined data ? Anglo-Scand ???? ????
1239 Caernarfon 76-7 Segontium (Roman Caernarvon), Gwynedd, Wales 1986 Roman late 1st-early 2nd AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1239a RO.MR well 2c Si well fill sticky silt Roman 100 200
1295 Silchester 1900-08 nr Reading, Hampshire, England 1908 Roman c5AD-c450AD
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1295a RO com well & pit fills nr Roman 5 450
1044 Hen Domen 60-74 Montgomery, Powys, Wales 1982 pre-Conquest/medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1044a PR.MD.HM F1/27 pit fill organic medieval 1223 1300
1432 Dry Drayton 79 nr Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England 1980 medieval-post med 15th-17th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1432a PR.PM.16 F31 8 kiln layer wood ash post-medieval 1500 1600
1394 Faccenda Farm 83 nr Alchester, Bicester, Oxfordshire, England 1984 Roman late 1st-early 3rd
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1394a RO.RN.ER (3) ditch & pit fills dark brown organic l Roman 075 150
1617 Rougier St York 81 York, North Yorkshire, England 1990 Roman-AS-medieval
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1617f RO.ER Group 6 (5 road layers - Roman 175 200
1617a RO.MR Group 1 (7 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
1617e RO.ER Group 5 (7 granary layers burnt material Roman 175 200
1617j PR.MD.EM:HM Group 10 ( pit fills - medieval 1100 1300
1617b RO.ER Group 2 (3 ditch fill - Roman 150 200
1617d RO.ER Group 4 (1 layer - Roman 150 200
1695 Bordesley Abbey 80 Redditch, West Midlands, England 1983 cistercian
Sample Period
1695a PR.MD:PM.?
1728 Ferns Castle 72-5 South Fosse, Wexford, Ireland, Eire 1979 mainly 13th to early 14th c
Sample Period Context Type Sediment Period Earliest date Latest date
1728a PR.MD.HM - occupation layer sandy grey/black mud medieval 1200 1350

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Last updated: Mon Jun 11 2007