Excavations on a Roman Extra-Mural Site at Brough-on-Humber, East Riding of Yorkshire, UK

• Homepage
• Contents
• Report 'Site Map'
• Summaries
• Table of figures
  • Site report
  • Small finds
• List of tables

• 1.0 Introduction
  • 1.1 The Roman settlement at Brough-on-Humber
  • 1.2 Previous archaeological investigations
  • 1.3 The Welton Road site
  • 1.4 Post-excavation methodology
• 2.0 The Excavations
  • 2.1 Period 0: Undisturbed natural deposits
  • 2.1 Period 1: Field system established
    • 2.1.1 Period 1 / phase 1
    • 2.1.2 Period 1 / phase 2
  • 2.2 Period 2: Field system reorganised
    • 2.2.1 Period 2 / phase 1
    • 2.2.2 Period 2 / phase 2
  • 2.3 Period 3: Roman road eastwards established
    • 2.3.1 Period 3 / phase 1
    • 2.3.2 Period 3 / phase 2
  • 2.4 Period 4: Roadside property boundaries established
    • 2.4.1 Period 4 / phase 1
    • 2.4.2 Period 4 / phase 2
    • 2.4.3 Period 4 / phase 3
    • 2.4.4 Period 4 / phase 4
    • 2.4.5 Period 4 / phase 5
    • 2.4.6 Period 4 / phase 6
    • 2.4.7 Period 4 / phase 7
    • 2.4.8 Period 4 / phase 8
  • 2.5 Period 5: Roadside buildings constructed
    • 2.5.1 Period 5 / phase 1
    • 2.5.2 Period 5 / phase 2
  • 2.6 Period 6: A period of large-scale dumping
    • 2.6.1 Period 6 / phase 1
    • 2.6.2 Period 6 / phase 2
  • 2.7 Periods 7-9 - Post-Roman Activity
    • 2.7.1 Period 7: Medieval
    • 2.7.2 Periods 8 & 9: Post-medieval and modern
  • 2.8 Burials
    • 2.8.1 Human burials
    • 2.8.2 Animal burials
• 3.0 The Roman Structures
  • 3.1 Buildings A and B
  • 3.2 Building C
  • 3.3 Building D
  • 3.4 Building E
  • 3.5 Building F
• 4.0 The Roman Pottery by M.J. Darling with K.F. Hartley and B. Dickinson
  • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.1.1 Spatial distribution
    • 4.1.2 Stratified occurrence
    • 4.1.3 Methodology
  • 4.2 Samian from Brough by M.J. Darling and B. Dickinson
    • 4.2.1 Quantities and deposition
    • 4.2.2 Spatial distribution
    • 4.2.3 Stratified occurrence
    • 4.2.4 Forms
    • 4.2.5 Dating
    • 4.2.6 Catalogue of decorated samian ware from Brough - Petuaria by B. Dickinson
    • 4.2.7 Catalogue of potters' stamps on samian from Brough by B. Dickinson
  • 4.3 Mortaria by M.J. Darling and K.F. Hartley
    • 4.3.1 Mortarium stamp by K.F. Hartley
  • 4.4 Amphorae
  • 4.5 Brough local production
    • 4.5.1 Stratified occurrence
    • 4.5.2 Vessel types
    • 4.5.3 Background
    • 4.5.4 The Brough repertoire
    • 4.5.5 The mortaria
    • 4.5.6 Reduced wares
    • 4.5.7 Conclusions
  • 4.6 Fabrics
    • 4.6.1 Examination by period
  • 4.7 Forms
    • 4.7.1 Main coarse wares
    • 4.7.2 Nene Valley colour-coated wares
  • 4.8 The function of the Brough pottery
• 5.0 The Small Finds by H.E.M. Cool, with contributions by C. Barclay and G. Woolrich
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Overview of the assemblage
  • 5.3 The distribution of the finds
  • 5.4 The military equipment and its implications
  • 5.5 Small Finds Discussion
    • 5.5.1 Personal ornaments
    • 5.5.2 Military equipment
    • 5.5.3 Writing equipment
    • 5.5.4 Household
    • 5.5.5 Fasteners and fittings
    • 5.5.6 Recreation
    • 5.5.7 Craft and industry
    • 5.5.8 Structural finds
    • 5.5.9 Miscellaneous
    • 5.5.10 Coins by C. Barclay
    • 5.5.11 Report on flint by G. Woolrich
  • 5.6 Other finds
    • 5.6.1 Geological report on the querns by G.D. Gaunt
    • 5.6.2 Slag by J. McDonnell
    • 5.6.3 Geological report on the hones by G.D. Gaunt
    • 5.6.4 Ceramic building material by S. Garside-Neville
    • 5.6.5 The structural stone by G.D. Gaunt
• 6.0 The Environmental Evidence by J. Hamshaw-Thomas and D. Jaques, Environmental Archaeology Unit, University of York with contributions by J. Carrott, K. Dobney, A. Hall, M. Issitt, C. Johnstone and F. Large
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Vertebrate remains
    • 6.2.1 Methods
    • 6.2.2 Preservation
    • 6.2.3 Species representation and quantification
    • 6.2.4 The economic base
    • 6.2.5 Carcass representation and butchery
    • 6.2.6 Husbandry and economy
    • 6.2.7 Biometry
    • 6.2.8 Pathology
    • 6.2.9 Animal burials
  • 6.3 The bird bones
  • 6.4 Discussion
• 7.0 Discussion by K. Hunter-Mann, with D. Petts
  • Introduction
  • 7.1 Economy
  • 7.2 The status of the Roman settlement
  • 7.3 Summary

• Acknowledgements
• Bibliography
• Glossary
• Appendix 1: Diagram of Site Phasing at Welton Road, Brough-on-Humber
• Appendix 2: Period/Group Concordance
• Appendix 3: Wacher's Phasing for Brough-on-Humber
• Appendix 4: The Stratigraphic Context of the Pottery
• Appendix 5: Welton Road, Brough, Pottery Fabrics
• Appendix 6: Small Finds Archive
• Appendix 7: Biometrical archive
• Appendix 8: Environmental Sample Archive
• Appendix 9: Human Remains
• Appendix 10: Biometrical Archive (chicken)
• Help on searching the Brough Data
• Search the context database
• Search the pottery database
• Search the small finds catalogue

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Last updated: Tue Nov 28 2000